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Internet Protocols and Support</a> »</li> </ul> </div> <div class="document"> <div class="documentwrapper"> <div class="bodywrapper"> <div class="body"> <div class="section" id="module-nntplib"> <span id="nntplib-nntp-protocol-client"></span><h1>20.11. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-nntplib" title="nntplib: NNTP protocol client (requires sockets)."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">nntplib</span></tt></a> — NNTP protocol client<a class="headerlink" href="#module-nntplib" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> <p id="index-0"><strong>Source code:</strong> <a class="reference external" href="http://hg.python.org/cpython/file/2.7/Lib/nntplib.py">Lib/nntplib.py</a></p> <hr class="docutils" /> <p>This module defines the class <a class="reference internal" href="#nntplib.NNTP" title="nntplib.NNTP"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">NNTP</span></tt></a> which implements the client side of the NNTP protocol. It can be used to implement a news reader or poster, or automated news processors. For more information on NNTP (Network News Transfer Protocol), see Internet <span class="target" id="index-1"></span><a class="rfc reference external" href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc977.html"><strong>RFC 977</strong></a>.</p> <p>Here are two small examples of how it can be used. To list some statistics about a newsgroup and print the subjects of the last 10 articles:</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">s</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">NNTP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'news.gmane.org'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">resp</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">count</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">first</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">last</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">s</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">group</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'gmane.comp.python.committers'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">print</span> <span class="s">'Group'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'has'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">count</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'articles, range'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">first</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'to'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">last</span> <span class="go">Group gmane.comp.python.committers has 1071 articles, range 1 to 1071</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">resp</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">subs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">s</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">xhdr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'subject'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">first</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s">'-'</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">last</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">for</span> <span class="nb">id</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sub</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">subs</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">:]:</span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="nb">id</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sub</span> <span class="gp">...</span> <span class="go">1062 Re: Mercurial Status?</span> <span class="go">1063 Re: [python-committers] (Windows) buildbots on 3.x</span> <span class="go">1064 Re: Mercurial Status?</span> <span class="go">1065 Re: Mercurial Status?</span> <span class="go">1066 Python 2.6.6 status</span> <span class="go">1067 Commit Privileges for Ask Solem</span> <span class="go">1068 Re: Commit Privileges for Ask Solem</span> <span class="go">1069 Re: Commit Privileges for Ask Solem</span> <span class="go">1070 Re: Commit Privileges for Ask Solem</span> <span class="go">1071 2.6.6 rc 2</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">quit</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="go">'205 Bye!'</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>To post an article from a file (this assumes that the article has valid headers, and that you have right to post on the particular newsgroup):</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">s</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">NNTP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'news.gmane.org'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">f</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'articlefile'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">post</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="go">'240 Article posted successfully.'</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">quit</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="go">'205 Bye!'</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>The module itself defines the following items:</p> <dl class="class"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP"> <em class="property">class </em><tt class="descclassname">nntplib.</tt><tt class="descname">NNTP</tt><big>(</big><em>host[, port [, user[, password [, readermode] [, usenetrc]]]]</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return a new instance of the <a class="reference internal" href="#nntplib.NNTP" title="nntplib.NNTP"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">NNTP</span></tt></a> class, representing a connection to the NNTP server running on host <em>host</em>, listening at port <em>port</em>. The default <em>port</em> is 119. If the optional <em>user</em> and <em>password</em> are provided, or if suitable credentials are present in <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">/.netrc</span></tt> and the optional flag <em>usenetrc</em> is true (the default), the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">AUTHINFO</span> <span class="pre">USER</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">AUTHINFO</span> <span class="pre">PASS</span></tt> commands are used to identify and authenticate the user to the server. If the optional flag <em>readermode</em> is true, then a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">mode</span> <span class="pre">reader</span></tt> command is sent before authentication is performed. Reader mode is sometimes necessary if you are connecting to an NNTP server on the local machine and intend to call reader-specific commands, such as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">group</span></tt>. If you get unexpected <a class="reference internal" href="#nntplib.NNTPPermanentError" title="nntplib.NNTPPermanentError"><tt class="xref py py-exc docutils literal"><span class="pre">NNTPPermanentError</span></tt></a>s, you might need to set <em>readermode</em>. <em>readermode</em> defaults to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">None</span></tt>. <em>usenetrc</em> defaults to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">True</span></tt>.</p> <p class="versionchanged"> <span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 2.4: </span><em>usenetrc</em> argument added.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTPError"> <em class="property">exception </em><tt class="descclassname">nntplib.</tt><tt class="descname">NNTPError</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTPError" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Derived from the standard exception <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#exceptions.Exception" title="exceptions.Exception"><tt class="xref py py-exc docutils literal"><span class="pre">Exception</span></tt></a>, this is the base class for all exceptions raised by the <a class="reference internal" href="#module-nntplib" title="nntplib: NNTP protocol client (requires sockets)."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">nntplib</span></tt></a> module.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTPReplyError"> <em class="property">exception </em><tt class="descclassname">nntplib.</tt><tt class="descname">NNTPReplyError</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTPReplyError" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Exception raised when an unexpected reply is received from the server. For backwards compatibility, the exception <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error_reply</span></tt> is equivalent to this class.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTPTemporaryError"> <em class="property">exception </em><tt class="descclassname">nntplib.</tt><tt class="descname">NNTPTemporaryError</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTPTemporaryError" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Exception raised when an error code in the range 400–499 is received. For backwards compatibility, the exception <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error_temp</span></tt> is equivalent to this class.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTPPermanentError"> <em class="property">exception </em><tt class="descclassname">nntplib.</tt><tt class="descname">NNTPPermanentError</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTPPermanentError" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Exception raised when an error code in the range 500–599 is received. For backwards compatibility, the exception <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error_perm</span></tt> is equivalent to this class.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTPProtocolError"> <em class="property">exception </em><tt class="descclassname">nntplib.</tt><tt class="descname">NNTPProtocolError</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTPProtocolError" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Exception raised when a reply is received from the server that does not begin with a digit in the range 1–5. For backwards compatibility, the exception <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error_proto</span></tt> is equivalent to this class.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTPDataError"> <em class="property">exception </em><tt class="descclassname">nntplib.</tt><tt class="descname">NNTPDataError</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTPDataError" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Exception raised when there is some error in the response data. For backwards compatibility, the exception <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error_data</span></tt> is equivalent to this class.</p> </dd></dl> <div class="section" id="nntp-objects"> <span id="id1"></span><h2>20.11.1. NNTP Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#nntp-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>NNTP instances have the following methods. The <em>response</em> that is returned as the first item in the return tuple of almost all methods is the server’s response: a string beginning with a three-digit code. If the server’s response indicates an error, the method raises one of the above exceptions.</p> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.getwelcome"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">getwelcome</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.getwelcome" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return the welcome message sent by the server in reply to the initial connection. (This message sometimes contains disclaimers or help information that may be relevant to the user.)</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.set_debuglevel"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">set_debuglevel</tt><big>(</big><em>level</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.set_debuglevel" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Set the instance’s debugging level. This controls the amount of debugging output printed. The default, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">0</span></tt>, produces no debugging output. A value of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">1</span></tt> produces a moderate amount of debugging output, generally a single line per request or response. A value of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">2</span></tt> or higher produces the maximum amount of debugging output, logging each line sent and received on the connection (including message text).</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.newgroups"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">newgroups</tt><big>(</big><em>date</em>, <em>time</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>file</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.newgroups" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Send a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">NEWGROUPS</span></tt> command. The <em>date</em> argument should be a string of the form <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'yymmdd'</span></tt> indicating the date, and <em>time</em> should be a string of the form <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'hhmmss'</span></tt> indicating the time. Return a pair <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(response,</span> <span class="pre">groups)</span></tt> where <em>groups</em> is a list of group names that are new since the given date and time. If the <em>file</em> parameter is supplied, then the output of the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">NEWGROUPS</span></tt> command is stored in a file. If <em>file</em> is a string, then the method will open a file object with that name, write to it then close it. If <em>file</em> is a file object, then it will start calling <tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">write()</span></tt> on it to store the lines of the command output. If <em>file</em> is supplied, then the returned <em>list</em> is an empty list.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.newnews"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">newnews</tt><big>(</big><em>group</em>, <em>date</em>, <em>time</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>file</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.newnews" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Send a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">NEWNEWS</span></tt> command. Here, <em>group</em> is a group name or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'*'</span></tt>, and <em>date</em> and <em>time</em> have the same meaning as for <a class="reference internal" href="#nntplib.NNTP.newgroups" title="nntplib.NNTP.newgroups"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">newgroups()</span></tt></a>. Return a pair <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(response,</span> <span class="pre">articles)</span></tt> where <em>articles</em> is a list of message ids. If the <em>file</em> parameter is supplied, then the output of the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">NEWNEWS</span></tt> command is stored in a file. If <em>file</em> is a string, then the method will open a file object with that name, write to it then close it. If <em>file</em> is a file object, then it will start calling <tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">write()</span></tt> on it to store the lines of the command output. If <em>file</em> is supplied, then the returned <em>list</em> is an empty list.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.list"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">list</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>file</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.list" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Send a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">LIST</span></tt> command. Return a pair <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(response,</span> <span class="pre">list)</span></tt> where <em>list</em> is a list of tuples. Each tuple has the form <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(group,</span> <span class="pre">last,</span> <span class="pre">first,</span> <span class="pre">flag)</span></tt>, where <em>group</em> is a group name, <em>last</em> and <em>first</em> are the last and first article numbers (as strings), and <em>flag</em> is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'y'</span></tt> if posting is allowed, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'n'</span></tt> if not, and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'m'</span></tt> if the newsgroup is moderated. (Note the ordering: <em>last</em>, <em>first</em>.) If the <em>file</em> parameter is supplied, then the output of the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">LIST</span></tt> command is stored in a file. If <em>file</em> is a string, then the method will open a file object with that name, write to it then close it. If <em>file</em> is a file object, then it will start calling <tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">write()</span></tt> on it to store the lines of the command output. If <em>file</em> is supplied, then the returned <em>list</em> is an empty list.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.descriptions"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">descriptions</tt><big>(</big><em>grouppattern</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.descriptions" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Send a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">LIST</span> <span class="pre">NEWSGROUPS</span></tt> command, where <em>grouppattern</em> is a wildmat string as specified in RFC2980 (it’s essentially the same as DOS or UNIX shell wildcard strings). Return a pair <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(response,</span> <span class="pre">list)</span></tt>, where <em>list</em> is a list of tuples containing <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(name,</span> <span class="pre">title)</span></tt>.</p> <p class="versionadded"> <span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.4.</span></p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.description"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">description</tt><big>(</big><em>group</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.description" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Get a description for a single group <em>group</em>. If more than one group matches (if ‘group’ is a real wildmat string), return the first match. If no group matches, return an empty string.</p> <p>This elides the response code from the server. If the response code is needed, use <a class="reference internal" href="#nntplib.NNTP.descriptions" title="nntplib.NNTP.descriptions"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">descriptions()</span></tt></a>.</p> <p class="versionadded"> <span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.4.</span></p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.group"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">group</tt><big>(</big><em>name</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.group" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Send a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">GROUP</span></tt> command, where <em>name</em> is the group name. Return a tuple <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(response,</span> <span class="pre">count,</span> <span class="pre">first,</span> <span class="pre">last,</span> <span class="pre">name)</span></tt> where <em>count</em> is the (estimated) number of articles in the group, <em>first</em> is the first article number in the group, <em>last</em> is the last article number in the group, and <em>name</em> is the group name. The numbers are returned as strings.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.help"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">help</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>file</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.help" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Send a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">HELP</span></tt> command. Return a pair <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(response,</span> <span class="pre">list)</span></tt> where <em>list</em> is a list of help strings. If the <em>file</em> parameter is supplied, then the output of the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">HELP</span></tt> command is stored in a file. If <em>file</em> is a string, then the method will open a file object with that name, write to it then close it. If <em>file</em> is a file object, then it will start calling <tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">write()</span></tt> on it to store the lines of the command output. If <em>file</em> is supplied, then the returned <em>list</em> is an empty list.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.stat"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">stat</tt><big>(</big><em>id</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.stat" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Send a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">STAT</span></tt> command, where <em>id</em> is the message id (enclosed in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'<'</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'>'</span></tt>) or an article number (as a string). Return a triple <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(response,</span> <span class="pre">number,</span> <span class="pre">id)</span></tt> where <em>number</em> is the article number (as a string) and <em>id</em> is the message id (enclosed in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'<'</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'>'</span></tt>).</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.next"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">next</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.next" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Send a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">NEXT</span></tt> command. Return as for <a class="reference internal" href="stat.html#module-stat" title="stat: Utilities for interpreting the results of os.stat(), os.lstat() and os.fstat()."><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">stat()</span></tt></a>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.last"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">last</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.last" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Send a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">LAST</span></tt> command. Return as for <a class="reference internal" href="stat.html#module-stat" title="stat: Utilities for interpreting the results of os.stat(), os.lstat() and os.fstat()."><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">stat()</span></tt></a>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.head"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">head</tt><big>(</big><em>id</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.head" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Send a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">HEAD</span></tt> command, where <em>id</em> has the same meaning as for <a class="reference internal" href="stat.html#module-stat" title="stat: Utilities for interpreting the results of os.stat(), os.lstat() and os.fstat()."><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">stat()</span></tt></a>. Return a tuple <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(response,</span> <span class="pre">number,</span> <span class="pre">id,</span> <span class="pre">list)</span></tt> where the first three are the same as for <a class="reference internal" href="stat.html#module-stat" title="stat: Utilities for interpreting the results of os.stat(), os.lstat() and os.fstat()."><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">stat()</span></tt></a>, and <em>list</em> is a list of the article’s headers (an uninterpreted list of lines, without trailing newlines).</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.body"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">body</tt><big>(</big><em>id</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>file</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.body" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Send a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">BODY</span></tt> command, where <em>id</em> has the same meaning as for <a class="reference internal" href="stat.html#module-stat" title="stat: Utilities for interpreting the results of os.stat(), os.lstat() and os.fstat()."><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">stat()</span></tt></a>. If the <em>file</em> parameter is supplied, then the body is stored in a file. If <em>file</em> is a string, then the method will open a file object with that name, write to it then close it. If <em>file</em> is a file object, then it will start calling <tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">write()</span></tt> on it to store the lines of the body. Return as for <a class="reference internal" href="#nntplib.NNTP.head" title="nntplib.NNTP.head"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">head()</span></tt></a>. If <em>file</em> is supplied, then the returned <em>list</em> is an empty list.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.article"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">article</tt><big>(</big><em>id</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.article" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Send an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ARTICLE</span></tt> command, where <em>id</em> has the same meaning as for <a class="reference internal" href="stat.html#module-stat" title="stat: Utilities for interpreting the results of os.stat(), os.lstat() and os.fstat()."><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">stat()</span></tt></a>. Return as for <a class="reference internal" href="#nntplib.NNTP.head" title="nntplib.NNTP.head"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">head()</span></tt></a>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.slave"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">slave</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.slave" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Send a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">SLAVE</span></tt> command. Return the server’s <em>response</em>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.xhdr"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">xhdr</tt><big>(</big><em>header</em>, <em>string</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>file</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.xhdr" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Send an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">XHDR</span></tt> command. This command is not defined in the RFC but is a common extension. The <em>header</em> argument is a header keyword, e.g. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'subject'</span></tt>. The <em>string</em> argument should have the form <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'first-last'</span></tt> where <em>first</em> and <em>last</em> are the first and last article numbers to search. Return a pair <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(response,</span> <span class="pre">list)</span></tt>, where <em>list</em> is a list of pairs <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(id,</span> <span class="pre">text)</span></tt>, where <em>id</em> is an article number (as a string) and <em>text</em> is the text of the requested header for that article. If the <em>file</em> parameter is supplied, then the output of the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">XHDR</span></tt> command is stored in a file. If <em>file</em> is a string, then the method will open a file object with that name, write to it then close it. If <em>file</em> is a file object, then it will start calling <tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">write()</span></tt> on it to store the lines of the command output. If <em>file</em> is supplied, then the returned <em>list</em> is an empty list.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.post"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">post</tt><big>(</big><em>file</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.post" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Post an article using the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">POST</span></tt> command. The <em>file</em> argument is an open file object which is read until EOF using its <a class="reference internal" href="readline.html#module-readline" title="readline: GNU readline support for Python. (Unix)"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">readline()</span></tt></a> method. It should be a well-formed news article, including the required headers. The <a class="reference internal" href="#nntplib.NNTP.post" title="nntplib.NNTP.post"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">post()</span></tt></a> method automatically escapes lines beginning with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.</span></tt>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.ihave"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">ihave</tt><big>(</big><em>id</em>, <em>file</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.ihave" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Send an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">IHAVE</span></tt> command. <em>id</em> is a message id (enclosed in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'<'</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'>'</span></tt>). If the response is not an error, treat <em>file</em> exactly as for the <a class="reference internal" href="#nntplib.NNTP.post" title="nntplib.NNTP.post"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">post()</span></tt></a> method.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.date"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">date</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.date" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return a triple <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(response,</span> <span class="pre">date,</span> <span class="pre">time)</span></tt>, containing the current date and time in a form suitable for the <a class="reference internal" href="#nntplib.NNTP.newnews" title="nntplib.NNTP.newnews"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">newnews()</span></tt></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#nntplib.NNTP.newgroups" title="nntplib.NNTP.newgroups"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">newgroups()</span></tt></a> methods. This is an optional NNTP extension, and may not be supported by all servers.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.xgtitle"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">xgtitle</tt><big>(</big><em>name</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>file</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.xgtitle" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Process an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">XGTITLE</span></tt> command, returning a pair <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(response,</span> <span class="pre">list)</span></tt>, where <em>list</em> is a list of tuples containing <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(name,</span> <span class="pre">title)</span></tt>. If the <em>file</em> parameter is supplied, then the output of the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">XGTITLE</span></tt> command is stored in a file. If <em>file</em> is a string, then the method will open a file object with that name, write to it then close it. If <em>file</em> is a file object, then it will start calling <tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">write()</span></tt> on it to store the lines of the command output. If <em>file</em> is supplied, then the returned <em>list</em> is an empty list. This is an optional NNTP extension, and may not be supported by all servers.</p> <p>RFC2980 says “It is suggested that this extension be deprecated”. Use <a class="reference internal" href="#nntplib.NNTP.descriptions" title="nntplib.NNTP.descriptions"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">descriptions()</span></tt></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="#nntplib.NNTP.description" title="nntplib.NNTP.description"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">description()</span></tt></a> instead.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.xover"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">xover</tt><big>(</big><em>start</em>, <em>end</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>file</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.xover" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return a pair <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(resp,</span> <span class="pre">list)</span></tt>. <em>list</em> is a list of tuples, one for each article in the range delimited by the <em>start</em> and <em>end</em> article numbers. Each tuple is of the form <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(article</span> <span class="pre">number,</span> <span class="pre">subject,</span> <span class="pre">poster,</span> <span class="pre">date,</span> <span class="pre">id,</span> <span class="pre">references,</span> <span class="pre">size,</span> <span class="pre">lines)</span></tt>. If the <em>file</em> parameter is supplied, then the output of the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">XOVER</span></tt> command is stored in a file. If <em>file</em> is a string, then the method will open a file object with that name, write to it then close it. If <em>file</em> is a file object, then it will start calling <tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">write()</span></tt> on it to store the lines of the command output. If <em>file</em> is supplied, then the returned <em>list</em> is an empty list. This is an optional NNTP extension, and may not be supported by all servers.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.xpath"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">xpath</tt><big>(</big><em>id</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.xpath" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return a pair <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(resp,</span> <span class="pre">path)</span></tt>, where <em>path</em> is the directory path to the article with message ID <em>id</em>. This is an optional NNTP extension, and may not be supported by all servers.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="nntplib.NNTP.quit"> <tt class="descclassname">NNTP.</tt><tt class="descname">quit</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#nntplib.NNTP.quit" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Send a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">QUIT</span></tt> command and close the connection. Once this method has been called, no other methods of the NNTP object should be called.</p> </dd></dl> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sphinxsidebar"> <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper"> <h3><a href="../contents.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3> <ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#">20.11. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">nntplib</span></tt> — NNTP protocol client</a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#nntp-objects">20.11.1. NNTP Objects</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h4>Previous topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="imaplib.html" title="previous chapter">20.10. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">imaplib</span></tt> — IMAP4 protocol client</a></p> <h4>Next topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="smtplib.html" title="next chapter">20.12. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">smtplib</span></tt> — SMTP protocol client</a></p> <h3>This Page</h3> <ul class="this-page-menu"> <li><a href="../bugs.html">Report a Bug</a></li> <li><a href="../_sources/library/nntplib.txt" rel="nofollow">Show Source</a></li> </ul> <div id="searchbox" style="display: none"> <h3>Quick search</h3> <form class="search" action="../search.html" method="get"> <input type="text" name="q" /> <input type="submit" value="Go" /> <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" /> <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" /> </form> <p class="searchtip" style="font-size: 90%"> Enter search terms or a module, class or function name. </p> </div> <script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script> </div> </div> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> <div class="related"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" >index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="smtplib.html" title="20.12. smtplib — SMTP protocol client" >next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="imaplib.html" title="20.10. imaplib — IMAP4 protocol client" >previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt="" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="http://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li> <a href="../index.html">Python 2.7.5 documentation</a> » </li> <li><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> »</li> <li><a href="internet.html" >20. 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